WARREDOC International Winter School on Data Rich Hydrology 2019

The "Data Rich Hydrology" Winter School 2019 took place in beautiful Colombella, Perugia (Italy). It was jointly organised by the Water Resources Research and Documentation Center (WARREDOC) and UNESCO World Water Assessment Program (WWAP). The WARREDOC was established at the Università per Stranieri di Perugia (UNISTRAPG) since 1985 - developing research, advanced training and scientific communication in the field of water, environment and disaster risk management.

http://warredoc.unistrapg.it/en/events/2019-winter-school/

The days were organised into a serious of lectures and lab sessions and food and accommodation were provided all at the location of the Villa Colombella, that was an extraordinary experience. We were completely immersed in this place students and lecturers altogether.

The program encompassed mainly lectures of absolute high scientific standard and well presented by the experienced and well-known lecturers.

- The Era of Data Rich Hydrology, 1st keynote lecture, by Prof. Rafael L. Bras

Prof. Bras is one of the forefathers of hydrology (Google Scholar). He gave us a history lesson of conceptual, numerical and later computational hydrology and modelling of catchments. He concluded with the outlook of what we as young hydrologists should keep striving towards to improve understanding and modelling of the hydrological cycle.

- The WWDR and SDG 6 Synthesis Report, 2nd keynote lecture, by Prof. Stefan Uhlenbrook, also head of UNESCO WWAP

- Remote sensing and data assimilation in hydrology by Prof. Fabio Castelli

- Hydrologic modelling in a data rich world by Prof. Prof Riccardo Rigon

- Citizen science and big data in hydrology by Prof. Fernando Nardi

- Beyond traditional extreme value theory: lessons learned from rainfall and hurricane intensity by Prof. Marco Marani

More topics got covered by further renowned professors, researchers and practitioners in hydrological and hydraulic modelling:

- Groundwater hydrology and hydrological process mechanics
- The water-food-energy nexus
- Modelling scaling properties of precipitation fields
- Hydrologic measurements and novel observation technologies
- Drones in Hydrology (lecture & hands on)
- Hydrological risk assessment: Return period and probability of failure
- Advances in the space-time analysis of rainfall extremes
- Data poor vs. data rich cases for flood hazard (lecture & hands on)
- Distributed Data quality and urban flood modelling uncertainty
- Stream flow measurements: ground and satellite observations
- Remote sensing data and tools to foster inland water monitoring and flood modeling

I also had the pleasure to get interviewed by research fellow and PhD student Francisco Pena, who does a radio show on Disaster Risk Reduction. We had a great chat about our ideas and views on the topics and lectures during this Winter School on Hydrology and did some brainstorming:

http://www.radiophonica.com/podcast/13941 (link to the radio show)

If you like to check out Francisco's pages: https://www.linkedin.com/in/franciscope%C3%B1a/ (LinkedIn) and and https://twitter.com/FebronioPena (Twitter)

Info Session for MSc programme in Geoinformatics for Urbanised Society

Today we broadcast a webinar info session about the new MSc programme in Geoinformatics for Urbanised Society at the University of Tartu.

One of the recurring core topics in this new MSc curriculum is Data and GIS use in Urban Planning.

Until just a decade ago spatial planning and analytics projects had problems with getting enough data. But nowadays there is so much data available, that it is increasingly hard to make sense of it – because of the 3 V’s of big data - volume, variety, velocity. The open data movement, government agencies, research institutes and citizen scientists alike make more and more data available publicly, mobile phones, sensor networks and satellites generate a multitude of datasets every day

In order solve the Interdisciplinary challenges of urban planning we want to empower you with skills and knowledge to analyse, visualise and understand processes and data. For that we teach the Full cycle of spatial data management, from the various methods of data acquisition, followed by efficient and practical processing techniques, to subsequent meaningful analysis and visualisation; in order to consequently make successful planning decisions for a sustainable future.

So what does it mean to study Geoinformatics for Urbanised Society with us in Tartu?

You will learn how to combine geography and IT in the age of BIG data. This is essentially what we believe modern Geoinformatics is representing. Mastering Geoinformatics will provide you with tools to analyse social and natural processes in space for interdisciplinary decision- and policy-making.

Watch the whole recorded session for more info:

Links:

• https://www.ut.ee/gis 
• https://www.facebook.com/GISTartu

AGILE 2016 - SensorWeb Semantics on MQTT for responsive Rainfall Recharge Modelling

Integrating Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and spatial data web services is becoming common in ecological applications. However, WSNs were developed in application domains with different sensor and user types, and often with their own low-level metadata semantics, data format and communication protocols. The sensor web enablement initiative (SWE) within the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) has released a set of open standards for interoperable interface specifications and (meta) data encodings for the real time integration of sensors and sensor networks into a web services architecture.
Such XML-based web services exhibit disadvantages in terms of payload and connectivity in low-bandwidth low energy unreliable networks, such as remote 3G uplinks. Monitoring stations deliver frequent measurements in real-time, but dynamic implementation of measurement frequencies, adapted to certain environmental conditions, are rarely implemented. We describe a responsive integrated hydrological monitoring prototype to calculate rainfall recharge for water management purposes.
When rainfall is observed, a threshold event triggers a reconfiguration task for the soil moisture sensors, using asynchronous, push-based communication implemented with an MQTT queue. A Sensor Planning Service commits that request via MQTT into the wireless sensor network, and updates the measurement frequency of the target sensors to gain higher resolution for the vertical soil water infiltration.
The system integrates a Sensor Observation Service (SOS) including field observations and internet-based environmental data with a rainfall recharge model that allows near-real time calculation of rainfall recharge in the Upper Rangitaiki catchment, Bay of Plenty region in New Zealand.

Figure 1: Setup and location of the sensor field site, central North Island, New Zealand

The prototype site comprises a main station conducting comprehensive measurements of meteorological, hydrological and pedological parameters. For the wireless data transmission within the local site installation XBee-PRO modules from the Digi Company  ZigBee IEEE 802.15.4 protocol are used. The main station receives continuous sensor measurements from the attached sensor units, and acts as the gateway to the online SOS and SPS services by providing the communication channel from the local sensor network to the web-enabled data management infrastructure.

The field site has been established in the Upper Rangitaiki catchment (Figure 1) and comprises a field computer (Raspberry Pi) with a direct internet link (GPRS/3G) and a sensor board (Waspmote) that has 12 typical meteorological, hydrological and pedological sensors attached (i.e., wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, 1x groundwater probe, 5x temperature and 3x soil moisture). The Raspberry Pi and Waspmote can be monitored and reprogrammed from an online server.

Figure 2: Raw sensor series visualized in a website from a SOS query.

The site setup allows scaling up to a multitude of low cost, low energy sensor stations throughout the catchment, with only one field computer that serves as data logger for backup. The observations were available in a standardized open format. The website accessed the raw data from the SOS server and plotted data points within 5-10 minutes of field measurement. This website was easily accessible via browsers and smartphones (Figure 2).

The paper was was presented at the 19th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science, 15th of June, in  Helsinki, Finlkand.

Kmoch, A., Klug, H., White, P., & Reichel, S. (2016). SensorWeb Semantics on MQTT for responsive Rainfall Recharge Modelling. In 19th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science. Helsinki.